Genomic expression catalogue of a global collection of BCG vaccine strains show evidence for highly diverged metabolic and cell-wall adaptations
Identifieur interne : 002D43 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002D42; suivant : 002D44Genomic expression catalogue of a global collection of BCG vaccine strains show evidence for highly diverged metabolic and cell-wall adaptations
Auteurs : Abdallah M. Abdallah ; Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne [Australie] ; Thomas D. Otto [Royaume-Uni] ; Francesc Coll [Royaume-Uni] ; José Afonso Guerra-Assunção [Royaume-Uni] ; Ge Gao ; Raeece Naeem ; Hifzur Ansari ; Tareq B. Malas ; Sabir A. Adroub ; Theo Verboom [Pays-Bas] ; Roy Ummels [Pays-Bas] ; Huoming Zhang ; Aswini Kumar Panigrahi ; Ruth Mcnerney [Royaume-Uni] ; Roland Brosch [France] ; Taane G. Clark [Royaume-Uni] ; Marcel A. Behr [Canada] ; Wilbert Bitter [Pays-Bas] ; Arnab Pain [Japon]Source :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Acclimatation (génétique), Génome bactérien, Humains, Mycobacterium bovis (), Mycobacterium bovis (pathogénicité), Paroi cellulaire (), Paroi cellulaire (génétique), Phylogénie, Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple, Protéomique, Régulation de l'expression des gènes, Tuberculose (), Tuberculose (génétique), Tuberculose (microbiologie), Vaccin BCG (administration et posologie), Vaccin BCG (génétique), Variations de nombre de copies de segment d'ADN (génétique).
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Vaccin BCG.
- génétique : Acclimatation, Paroi cellulaire, Tuberculose, Vaccin BCG, Variations de nombre de copies de segment d'ADN.
- microbiologie : Tuberculose.
- pathogénicité : Mycobacterium bovis.
- Génome bactérien, Humains, Mycobacterium bovis, Paroi cellulaire, Phylogénie, Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple, Protéomique, Régulation de l'expression des gènes, Tuberculose.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acclimatization (genetics), BCG Vaccine (administration & dosage), BCG Vaccine (genetics), Cell Wall (drug effects), Cell Wall (genetics), DNA Copy Number Variations (genetics), Gene Expression Regulation, Genome, Bacterial, Humans, Mycobacterium bovis (drug effects), Mycobacterium bovis (pathogenicity), Phylogeny, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Proteomics, Tuberculosis (genetics), Tuberculosis (microbiology), Tuberculosis (prevention & control).
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : BCG Vaccine.
- drug effects : Cell Wall, Mycobacterium bovis.
- genetics : Acclimatization, BCG Vaccine, Cell Wall, DNA Copy Number Variations, Tuberculosis.
- microbiology : Tuberculosis.
- pathogenicity : Mycobacterium bovis.
- prevention & control : Tuberculosis.
- Gene Expression Regulation, Genome, Bacterial, Humans, Phylogeny, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Proteomics.
Abstract
Although Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines against tuberculosis have been available for more than 90 years, their effectiveness has been hindered by variable protective efficacy and a lack of lasting memory responses. One factor contributing to this variability may be the diversity of the BCG strains that are used around the world, in part from genomic changes accumulated during vaccine production and their resulting differences in gene expression. We have compared the genomes and transcriptomes of a global collection of fourteen of the most widely used BCG strains at single base-pair resolution. We have also used quantitative proteomics to identify key differences in expression of proteins across five representative BCG strains of the four tandem duplication (DU) groups. We provide a comprehensive map of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), copy number variation and insertions and deletions (indels) across fourteen BCG strains. Genome-wide SNP characterization allowed the construction of a new and robust phylogenic genealogy of BCG strains. Transcriptional and proteomic profiling revealed a metabolic remodeling in BCG strains that may be reflected by altered immunogenicity and possibly vaccine efficacy. Together, these integrated-omic data represent the most comprehensive catalogue of genetic variation across a global collection of BCG strains.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep15443
PubMed: 26487098
PubMed Central: 4614345
Affiliations:
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Behr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a10"><institution>Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal</institution>, QC,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bitter, Wilbert" sort="Bitter, Wilbert" uniqKey="Bitter W" first="Wilbert" last="Bitter">Wilbert Bitter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a6"><institution>Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center</institution>, 1081 BT Amsterdam,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pain, Arnab" sort="Pain, Arnab" uniqKey="Pain A" first="Arnab" last="Pain">Arnab Pain</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Pathogen Genomics Group, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a11"><institution>Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University</institution>, Sapporo, 001-0020,<country>Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26487098</idno><idno type="pmc">4614345</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4614345</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4614345</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/srep15443</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000809</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000809</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000808</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000808</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000F63</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000F63</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002819</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002819</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002750</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002750</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002750</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002750</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002C46</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002C46</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002C46</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">002D43</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">002D43</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">002D43</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Genomic expression catalogue of a global collection of BCG vaccine strains show evidence for highly diverged metabolic and cell-wall adaptations</title><author><name sortKey="Abdallah, Abdallah M" sort="Abdallah, Abdallah M" uniqKey="Abdallah A" first="Abdallah M." last="Abdallah">Abdallah M. Abdallah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Pathogen Genomics Group, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hill Cawthorne, Grant A" sort="Hill Cawthorne, Grant A" uniqKey="Hill Cawthorne G" first="Grant A." last="Hill-Cawthorne">Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Pathogen Genomics Group, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity and School and Public Health, University of Sydney</institution>, NSW 2006,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Otto, Thomas D" sort="Otto, Thomas D" uniqKey="Otto T" first="Thomas D." last="Otto">Thomas D. Otto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a3"><institution>Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coll, Francesc" sort="Coll, Francesc" uniqKey="Coll F" first="Francesc" last="Coll">Francesc Coll</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine</institution>, London,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guerra Assuncao, Jose Afonso" sort="Guerra Assuncao, Jose Afonso" uniqKey="Guerra Assuncao J" first="José Afonso" last="Guerra-Assunção">José Afonso Guerra-Assunção</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine</institution>, London,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, Ge" sort="Gao, Ge" uniqKey="Gao G" first="Ge" last="Gao">Ge Gao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Pathogen Genomics Group, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naeem, Raeece" sort="Naeem, Raeece" uniqKey="Naeem R" first="Raeece" last="Naeem">Raeece Naeem</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Pathogen Genomics Group, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ansari, Hifzur" sort="Ansari, Hifzur" uniqKey="Ansari H" first="Hifzur" last="Ansari">Hifzur Ansari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Pathogen Genomics Group, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malas, Tareq B" sort="Malas, Tareq B" uniqKey="Malas T" first="Tareq B." last="Malas">Tareq B. Malas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a5"><institution>Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Jeddah,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adroub, Sabir A" sort="Adroub, Sabir A" uniqKey="Adroub S" first="Sabir A." last="Adroub">Sabir A. Adroub</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Pathogen Genomics Group, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verboom, Theo" sort="Verboom, Theo" uniqKey="Verboom T" first="Theo" last="Verboom">Theo Verboom</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a6"><institution>Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center</institution>, 1081 BT Amsterdam,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ummels, Roy" sort="Ummels, Roy" uniqKey="Ummels R" first="Roy" last="Ummels">Roy Ummels</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a6"><institution>Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center</institution>, 1081 BT Amsterdam,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Huoming" sort="Zhang, Huoming" uniqKey="Zhang H" first="Huoming" last="Zhang">Huoming Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a7"><institution>Bioscience Core Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Panigrahi, Aswini Kumar" sort="Panigrahi, Aswini Kumar" uniqKey="Panigrahi A" first="Aswini Kumar" last="Panigrahi">Aswini Kumar Panigrahi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a7"><institution>Bioscience Core Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcnerney, Ruth" sort="Mcnerney, Ruth" uniqKey="Mcnerney R" first="Ruth" last="Mcnerney">Ruth Mcnerney</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine</institution>, London,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brosch, Roland" sort="Brosch, Roland" uniqKey="Brosch R" first="Roland" last="Brosch">Roland Brosch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a8"><institution>Institut Pasteur, Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics</institution>, Paris,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clark, Taane G" sort="Clark, Taane G" uniqKey="Clark T" first="Taane G." last="Clark">Taane G. Clark</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine</institution>, London,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a9"><institution>Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>, London,<country>United Kingdom</country>.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Behr, Marcel A" sort="Behr, Marcel A" uniqKey="Behr M" first="Marcel A." last="Behr">Marcel A. Behr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a10"><institution>Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal</institution>, QC,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bitter, Wilbert" sort="Bitter, Wilbert" uniqKey="Bitter W" first="Wilbert" last="Bitter">Wilbert Bitter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a6"><institution>Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center</institution>, 1081 BT Amsterdam,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pain, Arnab" sort="Pain, Arnab" uniqKey="Pain A" first="Arnab" last="Pain">Arnab Pain</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Pathogen Genomics Group, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</institution>, Thuwal, 23955-6900,<country>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a11"><institution>Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University</institution>, Sapporo, 001-0020,<country>Japan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acclimatization (genetics)</term><term>BCG Vaccine (administration & dosage)</term><term>BCG Vaccine (genetics)</term><term>Cell Wall (drug effects)</term><term>Cell Wall (genetics)</term><term>DNA Copy Number Variations (genetics)</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation</term><term>Genome, Bacterial</term><term>Humans</term><term>Mycobacterium bovis (drug effects)</term><term>Mycobacterium bovis (pathogenicity)</term><term>Phylogeny</term><term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</term><term>Proteomics</term><term>Tuberculosis (genetics)</term><term>Tuberculosis (microbiology)</term><term>Tuberculosis (prevention & control)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acclimatation (génétique)</term><term>Génome bactérien</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mycobacterium bovis ()</term><term>Mycobacterium bovis (pathogénicité)</term><term>Paroi cellulaire ()</term><term>Paroi cellulaire (génétique)</term><term>Phylogénie</term><term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple</term><term>Protéomique</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes</term><term>Tuberculose ()</term><term>Tuberculose (génétique)</term><term>Tuberculose (microbiologie)</term><term>Vaccin BCG (administration et posologie)</term><term>Vaccin BCG (génétique)</term><term>Variations de nombre de copies de segment d'ADN (génétique)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>BCG Vaccine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccin BCG</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Cell Wall</term><term>Mycobacterium bovis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Acclimatization</term><term>BCG Vaccine</term><term>Cell Wall</term><term>DNA Copy Number Variations</term><term>Tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acclimatation</term><term>Paroi cellulaire</term><term>Tuberculose</term><term>Vaccin BCG</term><term>Variations de nombre de copies de segment d'ADN</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Tuberculose</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycobacterium bovis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mycobacterium bovis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Gene Expression Regulation</term><term>Genome, Bacterial</term><term>Humans</term><term>Phylogeny</term><term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</term><term>Proteomics</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Génome bactérien</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mycobacterium bovis</term><term>Paroi cellulaire</term><term>Phylogénie</term><term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple</term><term>Protéomique</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes</term><term>Tuberculose</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Although Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines against tuberculosis have been available for more than 90 years, their effectiveness has been hindered by variable protective efficacy and a lack of lasting memory responses. One factor contributing to this variability may be the diversity of the BCG strains that are used around the world, in part from genomic changes accumulated during vaccine production and their resulting differences in gene expression. We have compared the genomes and transcriptomes of a global collection of fourteen of the most widely used BCG strains at single base-pair resolution. We have also used quantitative proteomics to identify key differences in expression of proteins across five representative BCG strains of the four tandem duplication (DU) groups. We provide a comprehensive map of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), copy number variation and insertions and deletions (indels) across fourteen BCG strains. Genome-wide SNP characterization allowed the construction of a new and robust phylogenic genealogy of BCG strains. Transcriptional and proteomic profiling revealed a metabolic remodeling in BCG strains that may be reflected by altered immunogenicity and possibly vaccine efficacy. Together, these integrated-omic data represent the most comprehensive catalogue of genetic variation across a global collection of BCG strains.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Frothingham, R" uniqKey="Frothingham R">R. Frothingham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hills, H G" uniqKey="Hills H">H. G. Hills</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, K H" uniqKey="Wilson K">K. H. Wilson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Imaeda, T" uniqKey="Imaeda T">T. Imaeda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zwerling, A" uniqKey="Zwerling A">A. 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Pierce</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lagranderie, M R" uniqKey="Lagranderie M">M. R. Lagranderie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Balazuc, A M" uniqKey="Balazuc A">A. M. Balazuc</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deriaud, E" uniqKey="Deriaud E">E. Deriaud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leclerc, C D" uniqKey="Leclerc C">C. D. Leclerc</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gheorghiu, M" uniqKey="Gheorghiu M">M. Gheorghiu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bolger, A M" uniqKey="Bolger A">A. M. Bolger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lohse, M" uniqKey="Lohse M">M. Lohse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Usadel, B" uniqKey="Usadel B">B. Usadel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zerbino, D R" uniqKey="Zerbino D">D. R. Zerbino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Birney, E" uniqKey="Birney E">E. Birney</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Swain, M T" uniqKey="Swain M">M. T. Swain</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, H" uniqKey="Li H">H. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Durbin, R" uniqKey="Durbin R">R. Durbin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, H" uniqKey="Li H">H. Li</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, J" uniqKey="Wang J">J. Wang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Anders, S" uniqKey="Anders S">S. Anders</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huber, W" uniqKey="Huber W">W. Huber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, P" uniqKey="Liu P">P. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, H M" uniqKey="Zhang H">H. M. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, H" uniqKey="Wang H">H. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xia, Y J" uniqKey="Xia Y">Y. J. Xia</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>France</li><li>Japon</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Abdallah, Abdallah M" sort="Abdallah, Abdallah M" uniqKey="Abdallah A" first="Abdallah M." last="Abdallah">Abdallah M. Abdallah</name><name sortKey="Adroub, Sabir A" sort="Adroub, Sabir A" uniqKey="Adroub S" first="Sabir A." last="Adroub">Sabir A. Adroub</name><name sortKey="Ansari, Hifzur" sort="Ansari, Hifzur" uniqKey="Ansari H" first="Hifzur" last="Ansari">Hifzur Ansari</name><name sortKey="Gao, Ge" sort="Gao, Ge" uniqKey="Gao G" first="Ge" last="Gao">Ge Gao</name><name sortKey="Malas, Tareq B" sort="Malas, Tareq B" uniqKey="Malas T" first="Tareq B." last="Malas">Tareq B. Malas</name><name sortKey="Naeem, Raeece" sort="Naeem, Raeece" uniqKey="Naeem R" first="Raeece" last="Naeem">Raeece Naeem</name><name sortKey="Panigrahi, Aswini Kumar" sort="Panigrahi, Aswini Kumar" uniqKey="Panigrahi A" first="Aswini Kumar" last="Panigrahi">Aswini Kumar Panigrahi</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Huoming" sort="Zhang, Huoming" uniqKey="Zhang H" first="Huoming" last="Zhang">Huoming Zhang</name></noCountry><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hill Cawthorne, Grant A" sort="Hill Cawthorne, Grant A" uniqKey="Hill Cawthorne G" first="Grant A." last="Hill-Cawthorne">Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Otto, Thomas D" sort="Otto, Thomas D" uniqKey="Otto T" first="Thomas D." last="Otto">Thomas D. Otto</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Clark, Taane G" sort="Clark, Taane G" uniqKey="Clark T" first="Taane G." last="Clark">Taane G. Clark</name><name sortKey="Clark, Taane G" sort="Clark, Taane G" uniqKey="Clark T" first="Taane G." last="Clark">Taane G. Clark</name><name sortKey="Coll, Francesc" sort="Coll, Francesc" uniqKey="Coll F" first="Francesc" last="Coll">Francesc Coll</name><name sortKey="Guerra Assuncao, Jose Afonso" sort="Guerra Assuncao, Jose Afonso" uniqKey="Guerra Assuncao J" first="José Afonso" last="Guerra-Assunção">José Afonso Guerra-Assunção</name><name sortKey="Mcnerney, Ruth" sort="Mcnerney, Ruth" uniqKey="Mcnerney R" first="Ruth" last="Mcnerney">Ruth Mcnerney</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="Verboom, Theo" sort="Verboom, Theo" uniqKey="Verboom T" first="Theo" last="Verboom">Theo Verboom</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bitter, Wilbert" sort="Bitter, Wilbert" uniqKey="Bitter W" first="Wilbert" last="Bitter">Wilbert Bitter</name><name sortKey="Ummels, Roy" sort="Ummels, Roy" uniqKey="Ummels R" first="Roy" last="Ummels">Roy Ummels</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Brosch, Roland" sort="Brosch, Roland" uniqKey="Brosch R" first="Roland" last="Brosch">Roland Brosch</name></noRegion></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Behr, Marcel A" sort="Behr, Marcel A" uniqKey="Behr M" first="Marcel A." last="Behr">Marcel A. Behr</name></noRegion></country><country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pain, Arnab" sort="Pain, Arnab" uniqKey="Pain A" first="Arnab" last="Pain">Arnab Pain</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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